.: rollover flashcards: Old English Oddities vocabulary :.

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canunc (m)canon (i.e. cleric living under a canonical rule)
woruldgewinn (1n)worldly war(fare)
nȳten (1n): animal
swēgan (1)sound, make sound
tēon (II tēah, tugon, tugen)draw
dǣl (3m; 3n)part; share; amount; extent; fate, lot
Rōmānisc (adj/n)Roman; Latin
gebyrdtīma (wk m)time of birth
pāpa (wk m)pope
munuc (1m)monk
Egyptisc (adj)Egyptian
(ge)brōþor (6m)brother
swincan (III swanc, swuncon, swuncen)toil; be troubled
onwinnan (III onwann, onwunnon, onwunnen)attack
fæþm (1m; 2f)embrace, grasp; bosom; cubit (i.e. the length of the forearm, approx. 50cm); rarely fathom (approx 180cm)
(ge)þancian (2)thank; reward
bescēawian (2)look, see; observe; contemplate; attend to
smēagung (2f)enquiry; discussion; investigation
ǣder (2f/wk f)vein
lofsang (1m)song of praise
lāc (1n; 2f; 1m)offering
casere (1m)emperor
hunig (1n)honey
gesceaft (2f/1n)creature; creation; decree
riht (1n)right, justice
līcian (2)please, gratify, humour
fylgan (1)follow (+dat)
dagian (2)dawn
fremman, fremian (1/2)do, perform; accomplish; benefit; further, advance
ealdfæder (6m)ancestor
cirice (wk f)church
asingan (III asang, asungon, asungen)recite, sing
lēahter (1m)sin; crime; not to be confused with hlēahtor "laughter"
þegn, þegen (1m)servant; soldier; retainer
bōt (2f)remedy, cure; atonement
undern (m)the third hour of the day (c. 9am)
geþeaht (1m)deliberation; council, assembly
dūn (f; m/n)mountain; hill
beorgan (III bearg, burgon, borgen)protect, defend; save; spare
ǣnig (adj)any
licgan (V læg, lǣgon, legen)lie
finol (1m)fennel
hwǣtewæstm (1m)wheat crop
sweltan (III swealt, swulton, swolten)die
sulhgetēoh (1n)plough implement
(ge)wilnian (2)wish (for, upon sbd)
belecgan (1)surround, encompass; cover; beset, inlay
seofoþa (num ord)seventh
turf (2f; gen/dat tyrf)turf, sod
eorþstyrung (2f)earthquake
þrymm (1m)host, throng, multitude
glæppe (wk f)?bogbean
ceosan (II ceas, curon, coren)choose, select, elect
bodung (2f)announcement; call; preaching; teaching; prophecy; Annunciation
bigleofa (wk m)sustenance, subsitence; food; necessities; wages
syrwian (2)devise, plot
onlūtan (II onlēat, onluton, onloten)bow, bend down
alȳfan (1)permit, allow
acenned (1)give birth; past ptc acennedan incarnate; in that form sometimes to be taken as āncenned "only-begotten"
(ge)swutelian (2)show, reveal; explain, clarify
scīr (adj)bright, clear
bōcere (1m)scholar; author
lifian (2)live
būtan (adv/prep/conj)outside; except; unless
woruldcempa (wk m)worldly soldier
rihtlic (adj)righteous, just
benemnan (1)name; declare; express
friþ (1m/n)peace
lǣcecræft (1m)medicine, the art of healing
hwæt (adj)vigorous; bold
belltācen (1n)bell-sounding, bell-signal
tōforan (prep)before (+dat/gen)
uncūþ (adj)unknown, unfamiliar, strange
ufan (adv)from above, down
beswincan (III beswanc, beswuncon, beswuncen)work for, work at
ēacnian (2)increase; flourish, be fertile; conceive; be pregnant; be in labour
wiþersaca (wk m)adversary, opponent; apostate; Iūliānus se wiðersaca Julian the Apostate
hetol (adj)hostile
ēce (adj)eternal
fylgian (2)follow (+dat)
bisceopsinoþ (1m)synod of bishops
etan (v)eat
Nicenisc (adj)Nicaean, of Nicaea
tōdrǣfan (1)scatter, disperse; dispel
(ge)unnan (pretpres)grant (+dat of person, +gen of thing)
blōwan (VII blēow, blēowon, blōwen)bloom, flourish; thrive
alǣtan (vii)leave, abandon; renounce
smylte (adj)tranquil
bealu (1n)evil; harm; attack; pain, torment
(ge)gad(e)rian (2)collect, amass; convene; join
slēan (VI slōh, slōgon, slōgen)strike, beat
genihtsum (adj)abundant, plentiful
swēg (1m)sound, noise
mynegian (2)admonish
gospellbodung (2f): preaching of the Gospel
mægen (1n)strength, power
tīd (2f)time; hour; service in the divine office
feoh (1n)livestock; property, money, wealth
waru (2f)protection
heard (adj)hard, firm, solid, strong; difficult
sellan (1)give; entrust, commit; sell
betwēoh (prep/adv)between; among
sculan (IV)must, have to, need to, ought to
bebēodan (II bebēad, bebudon, beboden)command; impose, demand; proclaim; commend; entrust, commit
onscēotan (II onscēat, onscuton, onscoten)open
rēþe (adj)fierce; savage; cruel
(ge)trūwung (2f)confidence, trust
furh (5f)furrow
bēacen (1n)sign; symbol; (sound) of a bell
lārēow (1m)teacher; scholar
ānnes (2f)unity, whole; harmony
grund (1m)bottom, depths, abyss; ground, surface, land
ǣ (2f)law
hēahreced (1n)tall building; important hall
gehealdsumnes (2f)temperance; abstinence; self-restraint; chastity
æftemǣst (adj)last, final
tāc(e)n (1n)sign, symbol
namcūþ (adj)widely known
heardian (2)harden
upstigendæg (late 1m)Ascension Day
aweorpan (III wearp, wurpon, worpen)throw, cast; cast out; abandon; renounce
lēohtfæt (1n)lamp
forhelan (iv)hide, conceal
plēolic (adj)dangerous
weaxan (VII wēox, wēoxon, weaxen) grow
(ge)wrīþan (I wrāþ, wridon, wriden)twist; bind, wrap; fetter
þyncan (1; þūhte, þūht)seem, think (impers +dat)
tyhting (2f)incitement, persuasion
bȳsen (2f)example, model, exemplar
bȳme (wk f)trumpet
metod (1m)God, Lord (lit. "measurer")
sacerd (1m)priest
fōdor (1n)fodder; food
(ge)restan (1)rest (reflex.)
lēof (adj, used substantively)dear sir; my friend
sunnganges (adv)clockwise, in the direction of the sun
wlitigian (2)make beautiful
unsceþþignes (2f)innocence
unfremu (2f)damage, detriment
mæsseþenung (2f)the service of Mass
trēowcynn (1n)tree species
dōmlīce (adv)judiciously; gloriously, majestically
yrre (1n)anger
twīges (late adv)twice
alecgan (1)put down; kill
fæstlīce (adv)firmly, securely
talente (wk f)talent (a measure of weight)
galdor (1n)incantation; divination; song
lētaniā (wk m)litany (a prayer consisting of a sequence of petitions)
gerēfa (wk m)overseer, estate manager; judge; reeve
ǣrnemorgen (1m)early morning, daybreak; matins
manigfeald (adj)numerous; manifold, diverse
oferswīþan (I oferswāþ, oferswiþon, oferswiþen)defeat, overcome
gemet(e)gung (2f)moderation
gescyldnes (2f)protection
frēo, frīg (adj)free
ā (adv)always, forever
drȳpan (1)sprinkle; drip (intr/tr)
hundred (1n/num card)hundred; century (Roman military unit); hundredes ealdor centurion
forþgang (1m)progress
geþingian (2)intercede (for), mediate (on behalf of), reconcile (with)
tunge (wk f)tongue
cweþan (V cwæþ, cwǣdon, cweden)speak; say; call; mean
cwellere (1m)killer
būgan (II bēag, bugon, bogen)bend, bow; turn; kneel
hātan (VII hēt, hēton, hāten)name, call; be called; order, command
cwicbēam (1m)quickbeam, rowan
aþenian (2)stretch, extend
gebyrian (2)pertain, belong, concern, apply
borian (2)drill; insert into a drilled hole
rest (2f)rest; sleep; bed
sōþfæstnes (2f)faithfulness; righteousness
gebeorg (1m/n)protection
flotmann (5m)sailor; pirate, Viking
ele (3m)oil
þēowdōm (1m)service, servitude, slavery
ealdormann (5m): official; leader
gecamp (1mn)battle, war
lyblāc (1m)witchcraft, potioncraft
astellan (1)establish, institute; set forth, present; set (an example)
sīþ (1m)journey; path; time, iteration
neoþanweard (adj)down low
swicol (adj)treacherous
nēadian (2)force, compel
yrþ (2f)ploughing; ploughed land; crop
deriendlic (adj)harmful
heafodlēahter (1m)cardinal sin
gedyrstlæcan (1)dare; undertake
cweartern (n)prison
gebiddan (V bæd, bǣdon, beden)ask; pray
yfel (adj)evil; bad, ill
fēowerþa (num ord)fourth
Grēcisc (adj/n)Greek
gelēafful (adj)faithful
gafolgylda (wk m)tributary
sweor (1m)column, pillar
stȳrian (2)move, stir (intr/tr)
snīþan (I)cut
fugel (1m)bird
wælhrēow (adj)cruel
underþēodan (1)subjugate, subject; past ptc underþēod subject, subordinate
ēare (wk n)ear
beorma (wk m)yeast
gemanigfealdian (2)multiply
lēaf (2f)permission
(ge)æmtigian (2)free up, make available
fīras (1m pl)people, humankind
brād (adj)broad
æcer (1m)field; acre
fēond (7m)enemy
stīgan (I stāh, stigon, stigen)ascend; descend
cwidbōc (5f)book of proverbs
wangturf (2f)turf, sod
(ge)reccan (1; rehte, [ge]reht)tell, narrate; explain, interpret; govern; extend, stretch
gōs (5f)goose
tōdǣlan (1)divide, separate; distribute
endebyrdnes (2f)order; sequence; rank; rite, service; natural course
twēgen (num card/adj)two
fēgan (1)join
melu (n)flour
arc (2f)ark; chest; coffin
lēan (1n)reward
bēam (1m)tree
gefeoht (1n)battle, fight
sīþian (2)travel
gehabban (3 gehæfde, gehæfd)keep, retain; hold; restrain; preserve
stæpe (m)step; degree
derian (2)harm
trum (adj)firm, strong
staþol (1m)site, location; foundation
ealdorscipe (3m)authority
witan (I)know
burh (5f)(fortified) town
amānsumian (2)excommunicate, suspend; exclude; hold anathema
gelȳfan (1)believe
(ge)wyrcan (1)make; obtain; earn (+acc/gen)
wæstm (1mn/2f)fruit, produce; offspring; growth
gebyrdtīd (2f)time of birth
ārōra (wk m)brass
forsēon (V forseah, forsawon, forsewen)scorn, despise
(ge)setting (2f)decree, appointment
Ēastersunnanǣfen (2m/2n)Holy Saturday
forlǣtan (vii)leave, forsake; let; blōd forlǣtan bleed, bloodlet
(ge)rǣdan (1)determine; advise
hangian (2)hang
weorþung (2f)honour, reverence; glory
mǣl (1m)measure; mark; crucifix; time, occasion; meal(time)
(ge)friþian (2)protect, defend; reconcile
sāwan (VII sēow, sēowon, sāwen)sow
mæssian (2)say Mass
Cristesmæsseniht (5f)Christmas Eve
ontȳnan (1)open; reveal
flǣsclic (adj)corporeal, carnal; worldly; mortal, human
(ge)dafenian (2)be appropriate, fitting
(ge)trymman (1)strengthen, fortify, edify
elnian (2)grow strong
lēode (1m pl)people
þanc (1n)thanks; thought; favour, grace; þances or tō þance = to the satisfaction of (+gen)
belūcan (II belēac, belucon, belucen)close, shut; enclose, shut in, lock up
mǣrlīce (adv)magnificently, gloriously
regol (1m)rule, esp. monastic code of conduct
abbod (1m/wk m)abbot
behȳdan (1)hide, conceal; sheathe, put away
forberan (IV forbær, forbǣron, forboren)endure
æthrine (3m)touch
gāstlic (adj)spiritual
riht (adj)straight, right, proper
frætwe (2f)ornaments, trappings
gewinn (1n)struggle, battle
symle (adv)always, continually, at all times
forgyldan (iii)repay
gecoren (past ptc)chosen, elect
erce(of unknown meaning, if any)
(ge)hǣlan (1)heal
sulh (n)plough
ofhrēosan (II ofhrēas, ofhruron, ofhruren)fall on top of, cover, bury
tōweard (adj)future, to come
gebīdan (I)remain; wait; await; experience, live to see (+gen)
gāstlīce (adv)spiritually
cȳpemann (5m)merchant
magan (pretpres)be able; be permitted; be possible
aslēan (VII aslōh, aslōgon, aslægen)strike (off), beat
Ebreisc (adj/n)Hebrew
þrowung (2f)suffering; martyrdom, passion
(ge)cnedan (V (ge)cnæþ, (ge)cnǣdon, (ge)cneden)knead
ceastergewara (wk m)town-dweller, citizen
geþingþ(u) (2f)intercession
(ge)strȳnan (1)gain, acquire; beget, procreate
capitol (m/n/wk)chapter/section of a book; chapter, assembly of clerics
mæsse (wk f)Mass
wītega (wk m)prophet
hundseofontig (num card)seventy
yld, ild (2f)age, era; mature/old age
unlūcan (II unlēac, unlucon, unlucen)unlock, open
pytt (1m)pit
setlgang (1m)setting (of a heavenly body)
(ge)stȳran, (ge)stēoran (1)steer, control; correct, set aright
abacan (VI abōc, abōcon, abacen)bake
tēona (wk m)injury, harm; insult, abuse
eard (1m)homeland, country
gemyndig (adj)mindful
bend (3m; 2f)cord
hǣlu (2f)health; \~praise
wendan (1)turn (intr/tr)
sibb (2f)kinship; peace
clipur (1m)clapper, bell-tongue
gedēfe (adj)due, proper
bētan (1)mend, restore; improve; do penance
frēond (7m)friend; relative
bydel (1m)messenger; preacher
astreccan (1)stretch, extend (intr/tr); (refl) lie down fully extended, prostrate
asmēagan (2)ponder, contemplate
winnan (III wann, wunnon, wunnen)strive, fight
wyrdwrītere (1m)historiographer, historian
woruldnytt (2f)worldly benefit
gesewenlic (adj)visible
bān (1n)bone
getācnung (2f)meaning, reference, referent
forma (num ord)first
hlǣder (2f)set of steps; ladder
beran (IV bær, bǣron, boren)carry
cȳþan (1)make known, declare, announce
woruldþing (1n)worldly affair, worldly concern
æthwega (adv/pron)somewhat, to some extent; briefly; something
bewerian (2)defend, protect
bodig (1n)frame, body
earmlic (adj)miserable
wrīdan (I wrād, wridon, wriden)sprout
corn (1n)grain; seed
hundeahtatig (num card)eighty
hrēow (2f)contrition, repentance; sorrow, grief
rāp (1m)rope
andlang (prep/adv)prep along; adv along, onward; on andlang fully extended
healf (2f)side; half
swilc (pron)such, the same; swilc swilce such as, the same as, as many as, the same amount as
feohtan (III feaht, fuhton, fuhten)fight
māþm, māþum (1m)treasure, thing of value
gewuna (wk m)custom
hringan (1)ring
cynn (1n)kin, race; species, kind
þweornes (2f)sin, perversity; evil
(ge)samnian (2)gather, collect, summon
ungedēfe (adj)inappropriate, unpleasant
gemynd (n/f)mind; memory
mynster, minster (1n)monastery (broadly conceived)
sceaþa (wk m)criminal; doer of harm
berewæstm (1m)barley crop
ælmesmann (5m)beggar
heregang (1m)military expedition (used metonymically of the Babylonian captivity)
woruldmann (5m)layperson
forhogian (2)scorn, despise; neglect
efensācerd (1m)fellow priest
innanweard (adj)on the inside of; innanweardre handa brād as broad as the palm of one's hand
seolfor (1n)silver
ymbhoga (wk m)care, concern
unrihtlic (adj)unrighteous, unjust
sǣd (1n)seed
(ge)settan (1)set, establish, compose; appoint, decree
lustfullung (2f)pleasure, delight
(ge)cȳþnes (2f)testimony; covenant, (Old/New) Testament
hwīt (adj)white
ungesewenlic (adj)invisible
bodian (2)announce; preach
(ge)mearcian (2)mark; single out; appoint; note, indicate
afȳlan (1)defile
īsern (or īsen, īren, adj)iron
wyrhta (wk m)creator, craftsman, worker
þēowa (wk m)servant
munuc (1m)monk; ap munecas
folde (wk f)earth, land
wēofod (1n)altar
drȳ (1m)sorcerer; sorcery, witchcraft; one of the Magi
arīman (1)enumerate, list; recite
(ge)tācnian (2)mean, signify, prefigure
gedrēfednes (2f)disturbance; agitation; affliction
mæssedæg (1m)mass, (religious) festival
forlorenes (2f)destruction; loss
gemet (1n)measure, extent
meolc (2f)milk
ārlēas (adj)dishonourable, wicked
ætbregdan (III atbrægd, ætbrugdon, ætbrogden)take away, remove; withhold, hold back; withdraw
ēadmōdlīce (adv)humbly
belimpan (III)pertain; belong; be appropriate; happen (+dat)
tōcyme (3m)arrival, coming
unhālwende (adj)unhealthy, detrimental to one's health
eallwealda (wk adj/wk masc)all-ruling (one), almighty
geflit (1n)strife, conflict
stōr (m)frankincense
bysgu (2f): occupation; affliction; care
processiō (f?)procession
mæþ (2f)measure, degree, extent
bēatan (VII bēot, bēoton, bēaten)beat, strike
ōþer (adj/num ord)other; second
wyrt (3f)plant; herb
halgungbōc (5f)book of consecration; pontifical
dryhtenlic (adj)divine
ār (2f)honour; help, benefit; favour; grace, mercy
wēsten (1m; f; 1n)desert
cwidol (adj)eloquent
fruma (wk m)beginning; origin; ruler
þriwa (adv)three times
middæg (1m)midday, noon