.: rollover flashcards: Old English Oddities vocabulary :.

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borian (2)drill; insert into a drilled hole
hundseofontig (num card)seventy
capitol (m/n/wk)chapter/section of a book; chapter, assembly of clerics
flotmann (5m)sailor; pirate, Viking
(ge)swutelian (2)show, reveal; explain, clarify
hēahreced (1n)tall building; important hall
bealu (1n)evil; harm; attack; pain, torment
unsceþþignes (2f)innocence
staþol (1m)site, location; foundation
mæþ (2f)measure, degree, extent
stæpe (m)step; degree
sulh (n)plough
alǣtan (vii)leave, abandon; renounce
gerēfa (wk m)overseer, estate manager; judge; reeve
stīgan (I stāh, stigon, stigen)ascend; descend
earmlic (adj)miserable
ætbregdan (III atbrægd, ætbrugdon, ætbrogden)take away, remove; withhold, hold back; withdraw
licgan (V læg, lǣgon, legen)lie
fīras (1m pl)people, humankind
cynn (1n)kin, race; species, kind
būtan (adv/prep/conj)outside; except; unless
nȳten (1n): animal
alȳfan (1)permit, allow
gebiddan (V bæd, bǣdon, beden)ask; pray
pāpa (wk m)pope
bescēawian (2)look, see; observe; contemplate; attend to
ānnes (2f)unity, whole; harmony
(ge)æmtigian (2)free up, make available
ealdfæder (6m)ancestor
sīþ (1m)journey; path; time, iteration
astreccan (1)stretch, extend (intr/tr); (refl) lie down fully extended, prostrate
wyrdwrītere (1m)historiographer, historian
ā (adv)always, forever
þyncan (1; þūhte, þūht)seem, think (impers +dat)
cweþan (V cwæþ, cwǣdon, cweden)speak; say; call; mean
forgyldan (iii)repay
twēgen (num card/adj)two
fylgian (2)follow (+dat)
cweartern (n)prison
(ge)trymman (1)strengthen, fortify, edify
forberan (IV forbær, forbǣron, forboren)endure
æthwega (adv/pron)somewhat, to some extent; briefly; something
gemanigfealdian (2)multiply
Rōmānisc (adj/n)Roman; Latin
bān (1n)bone
belltācen (1n)bell-sounding, bell-signal
sāwan (VII sēow, sēowon, sāwen)sow
hrēow (2f)contrition, repentance; sorrow, grief
hlǣder (2f)set of steps; ladder
gāstlic (adj)spiritual
melu (n)flour
mǣrlīce (adv)magnificently, gloriously
flǣsclic (adj)corporeal, carnal; worldly; mortal, human
brād (adj)broad
sulhgetēoh (1n)plough implement
weorþung (2f)honour, reverence; glory
beswincan (III beswanc, beswuncon, beswuncen)work for, work at
tunge (wk f)tongue
onwinnan (III onwann, onwunnon, onwunnen)attack
talente (wk f)talent (a measure of weight)
smēagung (2f)enquiry; discussion; investigation
yrre (1n)anger
wælhrēow (adj)cruel
geþingian (2)intercede (for), mediate (on behalf of), reconcile (with)
cwidbōc (5f)book of proverbs
metod (1m)God, Lord (lit. "measurer")
yld, ild (2f)age, era; mature/old age
bētan (1)mend, restore; improve; do penance
ælmesmann (5m)beggar
(ge)þancian (2)thank; reward
ufan (adv)from above, down
bōcere (1m)scholar; author
gemet (1n)measure, extent
lēahter (1m)sin; crime; not to be confused with hlēahtor "laughter"
middæg (1m)midday, noon
līcian (2)please, gratify, humour
beorgan (III bearg, burgon, borgen)protect, defend; save; spare
swēgan (1)sound, make sound
dagian (2)dawn
(ge)wrīþan (I wrāþ, wridon, wriden)twist; bind, wrap; fetter
þēowdōm (1m)service, servitude, slavery
(ge)unnan (pretpres)grant (+dat of person, +gen of thing)
lēan (1n)reward
īsern (or īsen, īren, adj)iron
forhelan (iv)hide, conceal
(ge)trūwung (2f)confidence, trust
snīþan (I)cut
gedēfe (adj)due, proper
heardian (2)harden
stȳrian (2)move, stir (intr/tr)
behȳdan (1)hide, conceal; sheathe, put away
wēofod (1n)altar
mæssedæg (1m)mass, (religious) festival
gāstlīce (adv)spiritually
fruma (wk m)beginning; origin; ruler
endebyrdnes (2f)order; sequence; rank; rite, service; natural course
dōmlīce (adv)judiciously; gloriously, majestically
twīges (late adv)twice
forlorenes (2f)destruction; loss
gemyndig (adj)mindful
frēo, frīg (adj)free
furh (5f)furrow
(ge)gad(e)rian (2)collect, amass; convene; join
woruldmann (5m)layperson
woruldnytt (2f)worldly benefit
mæsse (wk f)Mass
tāc(e)n (1n)sign, symbol
sǣd (1n)seed
arīman (1)enumerate, list; recite
hwǣtewæstm (1m)wheat crop
æthrine (3m)touch
eallwealda (wk adj/wk masc)all-ruling (one), almighty
tōcyme (3m)arrival, coming
æcer (1m)field; acre
feohtan (III feaht, fuhton, fuhten)fight
tōweard (adj)future, to come
ēare (wk n)ear
ār (2f)honour; help, benefit; favour; grace, mercy
sweltan (III swealt, swulton, swolten)die
wiþersaca (wk m)adversary, opponent; apostate; Iūliānus se wiðersaca Julian the Apostate
geþeaht (1m)deliberation; council, assembly
ofhrēosan (II ofhrēas, ofhruron, ofhruren)fall on top of, cover, bury
gewinn (1n)struggle, battle
lārēow (1m)teacher; scholar
scīr (adj)bright, clear
forsēon (V forseah, forsawon, forsewen)scorn, despise
fæþm (1m; 2f)embrace, grasp; bosom; cubit (i.e. the length of the forearm, approx. 50cm); rarely fathom (approx 180cm)
trum (adj)firm, strong
drȳ (1m)sorcerer; sorcery, witchcraft; one of the Magi
tōdrǣfan (1)scatter, disperse; dispel
(ge)mearcian (2)mark; single out; appoint; note, indicate
þweornes (2f)sin, perversity; evil
witan (I)know
ǣrnemorgen (1m)early morning, daybreak; matins
bisceopsinoþ (1m)synod of bishops
ēadmōdlīce (adv)humbly
oferswīþan (I oferswāþ, oferswiþon, oferswiþen)defeat, overcome
fēgan (1)join
efensācerd (1m)fellow priest
æftemǣst (adj)last, final
Grēcisc (adj/n)Greek
lēohtfæt (1n)lamp
aslēan (VII aslōh, aslōgon, aslægen)strike (off), beat
arc (2f)ark; chest; coffin
asmēagan (2)ponder, contemplate
gecamp (1mn)battle, war
hǣlu (2f)health; \~praise
stōr (m)frankincense
ārōra (wk m)brass
(ge)stȳran, (ge)stēoran (1)steer, control; correct, set aright
hringan (1)ring
eard (1m)homeland, country
mæssian (2)say Mass
(ge)settan (1)set, establish, compose; appoint, decree
gelȳfan (1)believe
Ebreisc (adj/n)Hebrew
hātan (VII hēt, hēton, hāten)name, call; be called; order, command
tōdǣlan (1)divide, separate; distribute
munuc (1m)monk; ap munecas
lāc (1n; 2f; 1m)offering
lofsang (1m)song of praise
māþm, māþum (1m)treasure, thing of value
ungesewenlic (adj)invisible
erce(of unknown meaning, if any)
(ge)cȳþnes (2f)testimony; covenant, (Old/New) Testament
cwellere (1m)killer
wyrt (3f)plant; herb
būgan (II bēag, bugon, bogen)bend, bow; turn; kneel
geþingþ(u) (2f)intercession
rest (2f)rest; sleep; bed
forlǣtan (vii)leave, forsake; let; blōd forlǣtan bleed, bloodlet
drȳpan (1)sprinkle; drip (intr/tr)
dǣl (3m; 3n)part; share; amount; extent; fate, lot
magan (pretpres)be able; be permitted; be possible
grund (1m)bottom, depths, abyss; ground, surface, land
gehealdsumnes (2f)temperance; abstinence; self-restraint; chastity
unfremu (2f)damage, detriment
rāp (1m)rope
þanc (1n)thanks; thought; favour, grace; þances or tō þance = to the satisfaction of (+gen)
symle (adv)always, continually, at all times
deriendlic (adj)harmful
hetol (adj)hostile
gedyrstlæcan (1)dare; undertake
underþēodan (1)subjugate, subject; past ptc underþēod subject, subordinate
andlang (prep/adv)prep along; adv along, onward; on andlang fully extended
tēon (II tēah, tugon, tugen)draw
mynegian (2)admonish
(ge)dafenian (2)be appropriate, fitting
gafolgylda (wk m)tributary
pytt (1m)pit
mæsseþenung (2f)the service of Mass
beran (IV bær, bǣron, boren)carry
upstigendæg (late 1m)Ascension Day
cirice (wk f)church
berewæstm (1m)barley crop
þrymm (1m)host, throng, multitude
getācnung (2f)meaning, reference, referent
gemynd (n/f)mind; memory
frēond (7m)friend; relative
astellan (1)establish, institute; set forth, present; set (an example)
seofoþa (num ord)seventh
manigfeald (adj)numerous; manifold, diverse
gesceaft (2f/1n)creature; creation; decree
ōþer (adj/num ord)other; second
bodian (2)announce; preach
forma (num ord)first
onlūtan (II onlēat, onluton, onloten)bow, bend down
þrowung (2f)suffering; martyrdom, passion
sōþfæstnes (2f)faithfulness; righteousness
þēowa (wk m)servant
undern (m)the third hour of the day (c. 9am)
sculan (IV)must, have to, need to, ought to
ǣ (2f)law
heard (adj)hard, firm, solid, strong; difficult
dūn (f; m/n)mountain; hill
(ge)restan (1)rest (reflex.)
mynster, minster (1n)monastery (broadly conceived)
friþ (1m/n)peace
gebīdan (I)remain; wait; await; experience, live to see (+gen)
bōt (2f)remedy, cure; atonement
rēþe (adj)fierce; savage; cruel
wangturf (2f)turf, sod
nēadian (2)force, compel
mǣl (1m)measure; mark; crucifix; time, occasion; meal(time)
seolfor (1n)silver
yrþ (2f)ploughing; ploughed land; crop
canunc (m)canon (i.e. cleric living under a canonical rule)
namcūþ (adj)widely known
bȳme (wk f)trumpet
wītega (wk m)prophet
sīþian (2)travel
bȳsen (2f)example, model, exemplar
sacerd (1m)priest
setlgang (1m)setting (of a heavenly body)
cwicbēam (1m)quickbeam, rowan
yfel (adj)evil; bad, ill
asingan (III asang, asungon, asungen)recite, sing
gebyrdtīma (wk m)time of birth
Ēastersunnanǣfen (2m/2n)Holy Saturday
derian (2)harm
bēatan (VII bēot, bēoton, bēaten)beat, strike
bebēodan (II bebēad, bebudon, beboden)command; impose, demand; proclaim; commend; entrust, commit
gebyrian (2)pertain, belong, concern, apply
gospellbodung (2f): preaching of the Gospel
woruldgewinn (1n)worldly war(fare)
lēaf (2f)permission
beorma (wk m)yeast
sweor (1m)column, pillar
weaxan (VII wēox, wēoxon, weaxen) grow
Nicenisc (adj)Nicaean, of Nicaea
ymbhoga (wk m)care, concern
rihtlic (adj)righteous, just
wrīdan (I wrād, wridon, wriden)sprout
genihtsum (adj)abundant, plentiful
betwēoh (prep/adv)between; among
belūcan (II belēac, belucon, belucen)close, shut; enclose, shut in, lock up
cȳþan (1)make known, declare, announce
hunig (1n)honey
sellan (1)give; entrust, commit; sell
ungedēfe (adj)inappropriate, unpleasant
ele (3m)oil
afȳlan (1)defile
hwīt (adj)white
bodung (2f)announcement; call; preaching; teaching; prophecy; Annunciation
(ge)friþian (2)protect, defend; reconcile
abacan (VI abōc, abōcon, abacen)bake
wēsten (1m; f; 1n)desert
(ge)hǣlan (1)heal
sceaþa (wk m)criminal; doer of harm
aweorpan (III wearp, wurpon, worpen)throw, cast; cast out; abandon; renounce
lǣcecræft (1m)medicine, the art of healing
lyblāc (1m)witchcraft, potioncraft
folde (wk f)earth, land
gebeorg (1m/n)protection
hundred (1n/num card)hundred; century (Roman military unit); hundredes ealdor centurion
(ge)rǣdan (1)determine; advise
bewerian (2)defend, protect
smylte (adj)tranquil
gescyldnes (2f)protection
þriwa (adv)three times
gecoren (past ptc)chosen, elect
Cristesmæsseniht (5f)Christmas Eve
(ge)brōþor (6m)brother
fylgan (1)follow (+dat)
bodig (1n)frame, body
wlitigian (2)make beautiful
alecgan (1)put down; kill
fōdor (1n)fodder; food
ēce (adj)eternal
riht (adj)straight, right, proper
innanweard (adj)on the inside of; innanweardre handa brād as broad as the palm of one's hand
gedrēfednes (2f)disturbance; agitation; affliction
lifian (2)live
glæppe (wk f)?bogbean
clipur (1m)clapper, bell-tongue
sibb (2f)kinship; peace
forþgang (1m)progress
(ge)wyrcan (1)make; obtain; earn (+acc/gen)
galdor (1n)incantation; divination; song
elnian (2)grow strong
fugel (1m)bird
(ge)reccan (1; rehte, [ge]reht)tell, narrate; explain, interpret; govern; extend, stretch
ǣder (2f/wk f)vein
bysgu (2f): occupation; affliction; care
neoþanweard (adj)down low
corn (1n)grain; seed
slēan (VI slōh, slōgon, slōgen)strike, beat
tōforan (prep)before (+dat/gen)
heafodlēahter (1m)cardinal sin
gebyrdtīd (2f)time of birth
processiō (f?)procession
abbod (1m/wk m)abbot
hangian (2)hang
wyrhta (wk m)creator, craftsman, worker
(ge)tācnian (2)mean, signify, prefigure
dryhtenlic (adj)divine
unlūcan (II unlēac, unlucon, unlucen)unlock, open
forhogian (2)scorn, despise; neglect
lēof (adj, used substantively)dear sir; my friend
feoh (1n)livestock; property, money, wealth
hundeahtatig (num card)eighty
plēolic (adj)dangerous
bēam (1m)tree
eorþstyrung (2f)earthquake
unhālwende (adj)unhealthy, detrimental to one's health
gemet(e)gung (2f)moderation
aþenian (2)stretch, extend
gehabban (3 gehæfde, gehæfd)keep, retain; hold; restrain; preserve
riht (1n)right, justice
ontȳnan (1)open; reveal
swincan (III swanc, swuncon, swuncen)toil; be troubled
bigleofa (wk m)sustenance, subsitence; food; necessities; wages
þegn, þegen (1m)servant; soldier; retainer
sunnganges (adv)clockwise, in the direction of the sun
munuc (1m)monk
burh (5f)(fortified) town
swicol (adj)treacherous
blōwan (VII blēow, blēowon, blōwen)bloom, flourish; thrive
tyhting (2f)incitement, persuasion
halgungbōc (5f)book of consecration; pontifical
ceosan (II ceas, curon, coren)choose, select, elect
wendan (1)turn (intr/tr)
regol (1m)rule, esp. monastic code of conduct
trēowcynn (1n)tree species
hwæt (adj)vigorous; bold
cwidol (adj)eloquent
swilc (pron)such, the same; swilc swilce such as, the same as, as many as, the same amount as
gefeoht (1n)battle, fight
amānsumian (2)excommunicate, suspend; exclude; hold anathema
syrwian (2)devise, plot
ēacnian (2)increase; flourish, be fertile; conceive; be pregnant; be in labour
woruldþing (1n)worldly affair, worldly concern
gelēafful (adj)faithful
(ge)samnian (2)gather, collect, summon
ārlēas (adj)dishonourable, wicked
geflit (1n)strife, conflict
(ge)setting (2f)decree, appointment
etan (v)eat
heregang (1m)military expedition (used metonymically of the Babylonian captivity)
belimpan (III)pertain; belong; be appropriate; happen (+dat)
finol (1m)fennel
wæstm (1mn/2f)fruit, produce; offspring; growth
uncūþ (adj)unknown, unfamiliar, strange
fēowerþa (num ord)fourth
gesewenlic (adj)visible
onscēotan (II onscēat, onscuton, onscoten)open
ceastergewara (wk m)town-dweller, citizen
acenned (1)give birth; past ptc acennedan incarnate; in that form sometimes to be taken as āncenned "only-begotten"
Egyptisc (adj)Egyptian
gōs (5f)goose
bend (3m; 2f)cord
turf (2f; gen/dat tyrf)turf, sod
mægen (1n)strength, power
meolc (2f)milk
lētaniā (wk m)litany (a prayer consisting of a sequence of petitions)
fremman, fremian (1/2)do, perform; accomplish; benefit; further, advance
healf (2f)side; half
swēg (1m)sound, noise
gewuna (wk m)custom
benemnan (1)name; declare; express
belecgan (1)surround, encompass; cover; beset, inlay
lēode (1m pl)people
casere (1m)emperor
ǣnig (adj)any
tēona (wk m)injury, harm; insult, abuse
cȳpemann (5m)merchant
bydel (1m)messenger; preacher
bēacen (1n)sign; symbol; (sound) of a bell
(ge)cnedan (V (ge)cnæþ, (ge)cnǣdon, (ge)cneden)knead
tīd (2f)time; hour; service in the divine office
ealdorscipe (3m)authority
woruldcempa (wk m)worldly soldier
fæstlīce (adv)firmly, securely
ealdormann (5m): official; leader
winnan (III wann, wunnon, wunnen)strive, fight
frætwe (2f)ornaments, trappings
fēond (7m)enemy
waru (2f)protection
unrihtlic (adj)unrighteous, unjust
lustfullung (2f)pleasure, delight
(ge)wilnian (2)wish (for, upon sbd)
(ge)strȳnan (1)gain, acquire; beget, procreate