.: rollover flashcards: Old English Oddities vocabulary :.

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magan (pretpres)be able; be permitted; be possible
arc (2f)ark; chest; coffin
beorma (wk m)yeast
symle (adv)always, continually, at all times
onscēotan (II onscēat, onscuton, onscoten)open
ele (3m)oil
Rōmānisc (adj/n)Roman; Latin
feohtan (III feaht, fuhton, fuhten)fight
tēon (II tēah, tugon, tugen)draw
gafolgylda (wk m)tributary
(ge)swutelian (2)show, reveal; explain, clarify
gāstlīce (adv)spiritually
slēan (VI slōh, slōgon, slōgen)strike, beat
gehabban (3 gehæfde, gehæfd)keep, retain; hold; restrain; preserve
woruldþing (1n)worldly affair, worldly concern
bodung (2f)announcement; call; preaching; teaching; prophecy; Annunciation
æthwega (adv/pron)somewhat, to some extent; briefly; something
licgan (V læg, lǣgon, legen)lie
hundseofontig (num card)seventy
rāp (1m)rope
melu (n)flour
alȳfan (1)permit, allow
afȳlan (1)defile
gehealdsumnes (2f)temperance; abstinence; self-restraint; chastity
hēahreced (1n)tall building; important hall
dūn (f; m/n)mountain; hill
drȳpan (1)sprinkle; drip (intr/tr)
ārōra (wk m)brass
æcer (1m)field; acre
berewæstm (1m)barley crop
tōforan (prep)before (+dat/gen)
gesewenlic (adj)visible
tōdrǣfan (1)scatter, disperse; dispel
hlǣder (2f)set of steps; ladder
lārēow (1m)teacher; scholar
cweartern (n)prison
īsern (or īsen, īren, adj)iron
heafodlēahter (1m)cardinal sin
betwēoh (prep/adv)between; among
cȳpemann (5m)merchant
būtan (adv/prep/conj)outside; except; unless
waru (2f)protection
ælmesmann (5m)beggar
ungedēfe (adj)inappropriate, unpleasant
rēþe (adj)fierce; savage; cruel
bēam (1m)tree
wītega (wk m)prophet
(ge)æmtigian (2)free up, make available
sāwan (VII sēow, sēowon, sāwen)sow
underþēodan (1)subjugate, subject; past ptc underþēod subject, subordinate
unfremu (2f)damage, detriment
alǣtan (vii)leave, abandon; renounce
þweornes (2f)sin, perversity; evil
hringan (1)ring
(ge)hǣlan (1)heal
Nicenisc (adj)Nicaean, of Nicaea
wlitigian (2)make beautiful
(ge)gad(e)rian (2)collect, amass; convene; join
blōwan (VII blēow, blēowon, blōwen)bloom, flourish; thrive
forþgang (1m)progress
fylgan (1)follow (+dat)
unrihtlic (adj)unrighteous, unjust
furh (5f)furrow
forhogian (2)scorn, despise; neglect
ānnes (2f)unity, whole; harmony
geþeaht (1m)deliberation; council, assembly
forma (num ord)first
gecoren (past ptc)chosen, elect
ymbhoga (wk m)care, concern
wyrdwrītere (1m)historiographer, historian
fōdor (1n)fodder; food
feoh (1n)livestock; property, money, wealth
woruldgewinn (1n)worldly war(fare)
þrymm (1m)host, throng, multitude
sweor (1m)column, pillar
bōcere (1m)scholar; author
ēce (adj)eternal
cwellere (1m)killer
gefeoht (1n)battle, fight
lyblāc (1m)witchcraft, potioncraft
elnian (2)grow strong
astellan (1)establish, institute; set forth, present; set (an example)
yrþ (2f)ploughing; ploughed land; crop
(ge)trymman (1)strengthen, fortify, edify
bescēawian (2)look, see; observe; contemplate; attend to
acenned (1)give birth; past ptc acennedan incarnate; in that form sometimes to be taken as āncenned "only-begotten"
bēatan (VII bēot, bēoton, bēaten)beat, strike
(ge)dafenian (2)be appropriate, fitting
snīþan (I)cut
rihtlic (adj)righteous, just
flǣsclic (adj)corporeal, carnal; worldly; mortal, human
belimpan (III)pertain; belong; be appropriate; happen (+dat)
twīges (late adv)twice
(ge)brōþor (6m)brother
stȳrian (2)move, stir (intr/tr)
(ge)mearcian (2)mark; single out; appoint; note, indicate
smylte (adj)tranquil
mæþ (2f)measure, degree, extent
abbod (1m/wk m)abbot
þēowdōm (1m)service, servitude, slavery
processiō (f?)procession
belltācen (1n)bell-sounding, bell-signal
frætwe (2f)ornaments, trappings
healf (2f)side; half
weorþung (2f)honour, reverence; glory
bend (3m; 2f)cord
dōmlīce (adv)judiciously; gloriously, majestically
gewuna (wk m)custom
sacerd (1m)priest
forlǣtan (vii)leave, forsake; let; blōd forlǣtan bleed, bloodlet
twēgen (num card/adj)two
scīr (adj)bright, clear
þēowa (wk m)servant
glæppe (wk f)?bogbean
bebēodan (II bebēad, bebudon, beboden)command; impose, demand; proclaim; commend; entrust, commit
swēg (1m)sound, noise
(ge)wyrcan (1)make; obtain; earn (+acc/gen)
staþol (1m)site, location; foundation
fruma (wk m)beginning; origin; ruler
fēond (7m)enemy
namcūþ (adj)widely known
swilc (pron)such, the same; swilc swilce such as, the same as, as many as, the same amount as
wēsten (1m; f; 1n)desert
fugel (1m)bird
oferswīþan (I oferswāþ, oferswiþon, oferswiþen)defeat, overcome
fæstlīce (adv)firmly, securely
bysgu (2f): occupation; affliction; care
canunc (m)canon (i.e. cleric living under a canonical rule)
beswincan (III beswanc, beswuncon, beswuncen)work for, work at
dǣl (3m; 3n)part; share; amount; extent; fate, lot
tunge (wk f)tongue
deriendlic (adj)harmful
Ēastersunnanǣfen (2m/2n)Holy Saturday
(ge)friþian (2)protect, defend; reconcile
lāc (1n; 2f; 1m)offering
hwæt (adj)vigorous; bold
efensācerd (1m)fellow priest
cynn (1n)kin, race; species, kind
bodig (1n)frame, body
(ge)trūwung (2f)confidence, trust
lifian (2)live
ār (2f)honour; help, benefit; favour; grace, mercy
(ge)strȳnan (1)gain, acquire; beget, procreate
æthrine (3m)touch
genihtsum (adj)abundant, plentiful
(ge)restan (1)rest (reflex.)
capitol (m/n/wk)chapter/section of a book; chapter, assembly of clerics
talente (wk f)talent (a measure of weight)
ā (adv)always, forever
tōweard (adj)future, to come
unlūcan (II unlēac, unlucon, unlucen)unlock, open
heregang (1m)military expedition (used metonymically of the Babylonian captivity)
benemnan (1)name; declare; express
sǣd (1n)seed
gospellbodung (2f): preaching of the Gospel
andlang (prep/adv)prep along; adv along, onward; on andlang fully extended
forlorenes (2f)destruction; loss
dagian (2)dawn
(ge)settan (1)set, establish, compose; appoint, decree
lēaf (2f)permission
ēadmōdlīce (adv)humbly
ceastergewara (wk m)town-dweller, citizen
gedrēfednes (2f)disturbance; agitation; affliction
fēgan (1)join
gebīdan (I)remain; wait; await; experience, live to see (+gen)
sīþ (1m)journey; path; time, iteration
finol (1m)fennel
arīman (1)enumerate, list; recite
smēagung (2f)enquiry; discussion; investigation
gemyndig (adj)mindful
fæþm (1m; 2f)embrace, grasp; bosom; cubit (i.e. the length of the forearm, approx. 50cm); rarely fathom (approx 180cm)
alecgan (1)put down; kill
hunig (1n)honey
lēan (1n)reward
sōþfæstnes (2f)faithfulness; righteousness
tōcyme (3m)arrival, coming
fēowerþa (num ord)fourth
gescyldnes (2f)protection
(ge)cȳþnes (2f)testimony; covenant, (Old/New) Testament
þrowung (2f)suffering; martyrdom, passion
þyncan (1; þūhte, þūht)seem, think (impers +dat)
eorþstyrung (2f)earthquake
rest (2f)rest; sleep; bed
wendan (1)turn (intr/tr)
gemet(e)gung (2f)moderation
trēowcynn (1n)tree species
bōt (2f)remedy, cure; atonement
(ge)stȳran, (ge)stēoran (1)steer, control; correct, set aright
gemynd (n/f)mind; memory
onwinnan (III onwann, onwunnon, onwunnen)attack
mæssian (2)say Mass
gebyrian (2)pertain, belong, concern, apply
bydel (1m)messenger; preacher
tyhting (2f)incitement, persuasion
hetol (adj)hostile
etan (v)eat
swēgan (1)sound, make sound
Egyptisc (adj)Egyptian
burh (5f)(fortified) town
ārlēas (adj)dishonourable, wicked
forhelan (iv)hide, conceal
aslēan (VII aslōh, aslōgon, aslægen)strike (off), beat
gerēfa (wk m)overseer, estate manager; judge; reeve
lēohtfæt (1n)lamp
(ge)wrīþan (I wrāþ, wridon, wriden)twist; bind, wrap; fetter
metod (1m)God, Lord (lit. "measurer")
bisceopsinoþ (1m)synod of bishops
witan (I)know
friþ (1m/n)peace
amānsumian (2)excommunicate, suspend; exclude; hold anathema
heardian (2)harden
wyrt (3f)plant; herb
abacan (VI abōc, abōcon, abacen)bake
sunnganges (adv)clockwise, in the direction of the sun
bȳsen (2f)example, model, exemplar
undern (m)the third hour of the day (c. 9am)
Cristesmæsseniht (5f)Christmas Eve
uncūþ (adj)unknown, unfamiliar, strange
ceosan (II ceas, curon, coren)choose, select, elect
tēona (wk m)injury, harm; insult, abuse
unhālwende (adj)unhealthy, detrimental to one's health
derian (2)harm
gedēfe (adj)due, proper
galdor (1n)incantation; divination; song
wælhrēow (adj)cruel
(ge)setting (2f)decree, appointment
stæpe (m)step; degree
bewerian (2)defend, protect
innanweard (adj)on the inside of; innanweardre handa brād as broad as the palm of one's hand
erce(of unknown meaning, if any)
beran (IV bær, bǣron, boren)carry
bān (1n)bone
fīras (1m pl)people, humankind
setlgang (1m)setting (of a heavenly body)
asmēagan (2)ponder, contemplate
ǣ (2f)law
bēacen (1n)sign; symbol; (sound) of a bell
getācnung (2f)meaning, reference, referent
heard (adj)hard, firm, solid, strong; difficult
(ge)reccan (1; rehte, [ge]reht)tell, narrate; explain, interpret; govern; extend, stretch
mæsseþenung (2f)the service of Mass
lǣcecræft (1m)medicine, the art of healing
frēo, frīg (adj)free
bealu (1n)evil; harm; attack; pain, torment
cwidol (adj)eloquent
riht (adj)straight, right, proper
nȳten (1n): animal
seolfor (1n)silver
(ge)unnan (pretpres)grant (+dat of person, +gen of thing)
winnan (III wann, wunnon, wunnen)strive, fight
weaxan (VII wēox, wēoxon, weaxen) grow
yrre (1n)anger
onlūtan (II onlēat, onluton, onloten)bow, bend down
wrīdan (I wrād, wridon, wriden)sprout
belūcan (II belēac, belucon, belucen)close, shut; enclose, shut in, lock up
sīþian (2)travel
(ge)cnedan (V (ge)cnæþ, (ge)cnǣdon, (ge)cneden)knead
forgyldan (iii)repay
ǣder (2f/wk f)vein
corn (1n)grain; seed
gebiddan (V bæd, bǣdon, beden)ask; pray
bētan (1)mend, restore; improve; do penance
folde (wk f)earth, land
sweltan (III swealt, swulton, swolten)die
aþenian (2)stretch, extend
þanc (1n)thanks; thought; favour, grace; þances or tō þance = to the satisfaction of (+gen)
casere (1m)emperor
pytt (1m)pit
ontȳnan (1)open; reveal
bȳme (wk f)trumpet
wiþersaca (wk m)adversary, opponent; apostate; Iūliānus se wiðersaca Julian the Apostate
geþingian (2)intercede (for), mediate (on behalf of), reconcile (with)
forsēon (V forseah, forsawon, forsewen)scorn, despise
beorgan (III bearg, burgon, borgen)protect, defend; save; spare
lēof (adj, used substantively)dear sir; my friend
ōþer (adj/num ord)other; second
ungesewenlic (adj)invisible
yfel (adj)evil; bad, ill
gedyrstlæcan (1)dare; undertake
endebyrdnes (2f)order; sequence; rank; rite, service; natural course
þegn, þegen (1m)servant; soldier; retainer
geþingþ(u) (2f)intercession
cweþan (V cwæþ, cwǣdon, cweden)speak; say; call; mean
cirice (wk f)church
belecgan (1)surround, encompass; cover; beset, inlay
bodian (2)announce; preach
riht (1n)right, justice
stīgan (I stāh, stigon, stigen)ascend; descend
turf (2f; gen/dat tyrf)turf, sod
geflit (1n)strife, conflict
astreccan (1)stretch, extend (intr/tr); (refl) lie down fully extended, prostrate
sulhgetēoh (1n)plough implement
ēacnian (2)increase; flourish, be fertile; conceive; be pregnant; be in labour
þriwa (adv)three times
drȳ (1m)sorcerer; sorcery, witchcraft; one of the Magi
gemet (1n)measure, extent
(ge)þancian (2)thank; reward
asingan (III asang, asungon, asungen)recite, sing
gelȳfan (1)believe
ēare (wk n)ear
wangturf (2f)turf, sod
hrēow (2f)contrition, repentance; sorrow, grief
plēolic (adj)dangerous
hundred (1n/num card)hundred; century (Roman military unit); hundredes ealdor centurion
mynster, minster (1n)monastery (broadly conceived)
æftemǣst (adj)last, final
fylgian (2)follow (+dat)
woruldmann (5m)layperson
swincan (III swanc, swuncon, swuncen)toil; be troubled
cȳþan (1)make known, declare, announce
tāc(e)n (1n)sign, symbol
gewinn (1n)struggle, battle
sibb (2f)kinship; peace
ǣrnemorgen (1m)early morning, daybreak; matins
ætbregdan (III atbrægd, ætbrugdon, ætbrogden)take away, remove; withhold, hold back; withdraw
mynegian (2)admonish
forberan (IV forbær, forbǣron, forboren)endure
clipur (1m)clapper, bell-tongue
mǣl (1m)measure; mark; crucifix; time, occasion; meal(time)
lustfullung (2f)pleasure, delight
tīd (2f)time; hour; service in the divine office
stōr (m)frankincense
woruldcempa (wk m)worldly soldier
būgan (II bēag, bugon, bogen)bend, bow; turn; kneel
cwidbōc (5f)book of proverbs
ealdfæder (6m)ancestor
munuc (1m)monk
gecamp (1mn)battle, war
tōdǣlan (1)divide, separate; distribute
sculan (IV)must, have to, need to, ought to
Ebreisc (adj/n)Hebrew
manigfeald (adj)numerous; manifold, diverse
(ge)tācnian (2)mean, signify, prefigure
eallwealda (wk adj/wk masc)all-ruling (one), almighty
mægen (1n)strength, power
unsceþþignes (2f)innocence
sellan (1)give; entrust, commit; sell
gelēafful (adj)faithful
wæstm (1mn/2f)fruit, produce; offspring; growth
wēofod (1n)altar
gebyrdtīd (2f)time of birth
flotmann (5m)sailor; pirate, Viking
hǣlu (2f)health; \~praise
munuc (1m)monk; ap munecas
brād (adj)broad
gāstlic (adj)spiritual
hwīt (adj)white
hwǣtewæstm (1m)wheat crop
neoþanweard (adj)down low
meolc (2f)milk
aweorpan (III wearp, wurpon, worpen)throw, cast; cast out; abandon; renounce
gesceaft (2f/1n)creature; creation; decree
grund (1m)bottom, depths, abyss; ground, surface, land
mæssedæg (1m)mass, (religious) festival
upstigendæg (late 1m)Ascension Day
cwicbēam (1m)quickbeam, rowan
hundeahtatig (num card)eighty
mæsse (wk f)Mass
fremman, fremian (1/2)do, perform; accomplish; benefit; further, advance
borian (2)drill; insert into a drilled hole
seofoþa (num ord)seventh
earmlic (adj)miserable
bigleofa (wk m)sustenance, subsitence; food; necessities; wages
līcian (2)please, gratify, humour
ofhrēosan (II ofhrēas, ofhruron, ofhruren)fall on top of, cover, bury
wyrhta (wk m)creator, craftsman, worker
frēond (7m)friend; relative
woruldnytt (2f)worldly benefit
lēahter (1m)sin; crime; not to be confused with hlēahtor "laughter"
sulh (n)plough
Grēcisc (adj/n)Greek
gemanigfealdian (2)multiply
nēadian (2)force, compel
hangian (2)hang
ealdormann (5m): official; leader
sceaþa (wk m)criminal; doer of harm
mǣrlīce (adv)magnificently, gloriously
(ge)samnian (2)gather, collect, summon
yld, ild (2f)age, era; mature/old age
lofsang (1m)song of praise
(ge)wilnian (2)wish (for, upon sbd)
syrwian (2)devise, plot
behȳdan (1)hide, conceal; sheathe, put away
regol (1m)rule, esp. monastic code of conduct
lētaniā (wk m)litany (a prayer consisting of a sequence of petitions)
gebyrdtīma (wk m)time of birth
gōs (5f)goose
trum (adj)firm, strong
eard (1m)homeland, country
swicol (adj)treacherous
middæg (1m)midday, noon
hātan (VII hēt, hēton, hāten)name, call; be called; order, command
gebeorg (1m/n)protection
(ge)rǣdan (1)determine; advise
ealdorscipe (3m)authority
dryhtenlic (adj)divine
ufan (adv)from above, down
pāpa (wk m)pope
ǣnig (adj)any
māþm, māþum (1m)treasure, thing of value
halgungbōc (5f)book of consecration; pontifical
lēode (1m pl)people